1. Title Page
2. Astronomy before the telescope
3. Galileo's Telescopes
4. Telescope lenses gather extra light for the eye
5. Galileo's Momentous Discoveries
a. There are mountains and valleys on the Moon
b. Venus has phases
c. Jupiter has a set of orbiting moons
d. Spots form and move across the surface of the Sun
e. The Milky Way is made of countless stars
6. Improving the Telescope
a. Herschel doubles the size of the Solar System
b. Rosse discovers spiral galaxies
c. Hubble discovers the expanding universe
d. Exploring the expanding Universe
e. The Universe radiates at many different wavelenghts
f. Seeking the first galaxies
7. Some images taken by ground-based telescopes
a. Planet surface detail
b. Interstellar clouds of dust and gas
c. Globular clusters orbiting the Milky Way
d. A vast universe containing billions of galaxies
e. New stars forming inside clouds of dust and gas
f. Hydrogen gas in the Milky Way galaxy
g. The black hole at the centre of the Milky Way
h. Quasar at the Edge of the Universe
8. Ground-Based Telescope Limitations
9. The atmosphere blocks many forms of radiation
10. Space telescopes are not hindered by the atmosphere
11. Some space observatories
a. The Hubble Space Telescope obtains our deepest view of the Universe yet
b. The Spitzer Infrared Telescope obsrves a Stellar Nursery in Centaurus
c. The Chandra X-ray Telescope obtains x-ray vies of the Universe
d. Cosmic Background Explorer maps the aftermath of the Big Bang
d. WMAP perceives fine detail in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
e. The GALEX Ultraviolet Observatory examines star formation the Andromeda Galaxy
f. Solar and Heliospheric Observatory monitors the Sun at multiple wavelengths
12. Links to selected web sites
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